Displaying random number from 1-100 and is sorted as much as the number who entered. eg input 8 results:
Show eight times a random number from 1-100: 5, 84, 97, 19, 71, 31, 45, 90
Result sequence of random numbers from small to large: 5, 19, 31, 45, 71, 84, 90, 97

so,i’m gonna use bubble sort for sorting, but what is bubble sort? Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm. It works by repeatedly stepping through the list to be sorted, comparing each pair of adjacent items and swapping them if they are in the wrong order. The pass through the list is repeated until no swaps are needed, which indicates that the list is sorted. The algorithm gets its name from the way smaller elements “bubble” to the top of the list. Because it only uses comparisons to operate on elements, it is a comparison sort.(Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_sort)
Pseudocode implementation

procedure bubbleSort( A : list of sortable items ) defined as:
n := length( A )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to n - 1 inclusive do:
if A[ i ] > A[ i + 1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i + 1 ] )
swapped := true
end if
end for
n := n - 1
while swapped end procedure

sample implementation in PHP:

if(isset($_POST['nilai']))
$a=$_POST['nilai'];
define(MAX_NUMBER,$a);
echo "Tampilkan bilangan acak $a kali dari 1 - 100 : \n";

for($x = 0; $x <= MAX_NUMBER-1; $x++)
$ran[$x] = rand(1, 100);
echo $ran[$x] ."\n";

for($x = 0; $x < MAX_NUMBER-2; $x++) {
for($y = 0; $y < MAX_NUMBER-2-$x; $y++) {
if($ran[$y] > $ran[$y+1]) {
$hold = $ran[$y];
$ran[$y] = $ran[$y+1];
$ran[$y+1] = $hold;
}
}
}
echo "Hasil urutan bilangan acak dari yang kecil ke yang besar :";
for($x = 0; $x < MAX_NUMBER-1; $x++)
print $ran[$x] ."," . "\n"; ?>


Ok, now I’ll explain the first type. when you came to the company, he/she directly asked you:do you bring portfolio?, then obviously you will only make your portfolio presentation. here you must gives a good picture of your software, it will be better if you use PPT for your presentation. most of the companies will see your ability and ask you to do Debugging and Tracing program.
In the second type, at the beginning of your meeting will be asked to fill out forms about yourselves and then after that you will conducted interviews about your ability, then after that will be asked to do some test, Here will be a matter of logic programming that relies on your logic skills. many of the questions from this test most are eight questions, the usual question out on processing text, string, and others(Fibonnaci,Prime).
In the third type , you will be given a basic question about php, css, javascript, mysql you can certainly pass the test after that there was the next question here increased to an intermediate level, you will be asked to make some programs such as: Log in and Registration, Validation, etc.

So, it will be better for U to prepare for PHP Programming Interview with some exercise. Such as Logic Programming, Basic/Intermediate Web Programming, and Debugging and Tracing your program. Sorry if my english so bad ~_~”

Reconnaissance

Reconnaissance is the unauthorized discovery and mapping of systems, services, or vulnerabilities. It is also known as information gathering and, in most cases, it precedes another type of attack. Reconnaissance is similar to a thief casing a neighborhood for vulnerable homes to break into, such as an unoccupied residence, easy-to-open doors, or open windows.
Reconnaissance attacks can consist of the following:

-Internet information queries
-Ping sweeps
-Port scans
-Packet sniffers

Access

System access is the ability for an intruder to gain access to a device for which the intruder does not have an account or a password. Entering or accessing systems usually involves running a hack, script, or tool that exploits a known vulnerability of the system or application being attacked.
Access attacks can consist of the following:

-Password Attacks
-Trust Exploitation
-Port Redirection
-Man-in-the-Middle Attack

Denial of Service(DoS)

Denial of service is when an attacker disables or corrupts networks, systems, or services with the intent to deny services to intended users. DoS attacks involve either crashing the system or slowing it down to the point that it is unusable. But DoS can also be as simple as deleting or corrupting information. In most cases, performing the attack involves simply running a hack or script. For these reasons, DoS attacks are the most feared.
The following are some examples of common DoS threats:

-Ping of Death
-SYN Flood
-DDos Attacks
-Smurf Attack

Worms, Viruses, and Trojan Horses

Malicious software can be inserted onto a host to damage or corrupt a system, replicate itself, or deny access to networks, systems, or services. Common names for this type of software are worms, viruses, and Trojan horses.
The anatomy of a worm attack is as follows:

-The enabling vulnerability-A worm installs itself by exploiting known vulnerabilities in systems, such as naive end users who open unverified executable attachments in e-mails.
-Propagation mechanism-After gaining access to a host, a worm copies itself to that host and then selects new targets.
-Payload-Once a host is infected with a worm, the attacker has access to the host, often as a privileged user. Attackers could use a local exploit to escalate their privilege level to administrator.

Once you’ve reached this far, now to have CI running on your system. Once your server is set up, go to the CodeIgniter site at http://www.codeigniter.com/ and download the latest version of the framework. Version 1.7.1, the latest, is only 893KB when zipped, so the download doesn’t take that long. Unzip the folder, and install the CodeIgniter files in your web root folder. If you are using Xampplite(XAMPP), this is usually the htdocs folder within the Xampplite folder. Included with CI is a comprehensive user guide (in the user_guide folder). You’ll use this a lot. It is usually clear, and often goes into more detail than this book can. So, try it if you get stuck.

When these files are on your machine, you can access them in two ways:
As a URL—e.g., http://127.0.0.1
Through the normal directory path: e.g.,
C:/xampplite/htdocs/index.php or http://localhost/CodeIgniter_1.7.1
You should be able to see the CI welcome screen by simply navigating to your URL with the browser. It’s that simple! The welcome page tells you that what you are seeing is built by two files, a view and a controller.

(source:Upton, David. 2007. CodeIgniter for Rapid PHP Application Development. Packt Publishing, Birmingham.)

Here are two examples (If you are already writing code in PHP, CodeIgniter will help you to do it better, and more easily ).
Imagine you are writing a database query. This is how you might write a function within your PHP programme to query a MySQL database:
$connection = mysql_connect(“localhost”,”fred”,”12345″);
mysql_select_db(“websites”, $connection);
$result = mysql_query (“SELECT * FROM sites”, $connection);
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM))
{
foreach ($row as $attribute)
print “{$attribute[1]} “;
}
Now see how a CI function would handle a similar query:
$this->load->database(‘websites’);
$query = $this->db->get(’sites’);
foreach ($query->result() as $row)
{
print $row->url
}
Compare the character counts: 244 for the traditional syntax; 112 for CI.

Now let’s imagine that you are writing a data entry form in HTML, and you want
a drop-down query box. Let’s say this drop-down query box shows three options and allows the user to select one of them. In HTML, a drop-down box can be created like this:
<select name=”type”>
<option value=”1″>www.this.com</option>
<option value=”2″>www.that.com</option>
<option value=”3″ selected>www.theother.com</option>
</select>
CI’s version is both shorter and, because it works from an array, more adapted to PHP processing:

$urlarray = array(

‘1′ => ‘www.this.com’,
‘2′ => ‘www.that.com’,
‘3′ => ‘www.theother.com’,

);
$variable .= form_dropdown(‘url’, $urlarray, ‘1′);
In HTML, you need to type 154 characters; in CI, 128.

Imagine that you’ve just written a menu page, with lots of hyperlinks to other pages in your site. They are all in the traditional HTML format:
<a href=”http://www.mysite.com/index.php/start/hello/fred
“>say hello to Fred</a>
Then, you decide to move the site to another URL. That means you have to go painstakingly through your code, looking for each URL, and re-writing it, or else none of your links will work.
CI gives you a simple function to write hyperlinks like this:
echo anchor(start/hello/fred, Say hello to Fred);

if you want to compare  PHP framework:http://www.zflinks.com/Zend-Framework-and-Other-Frameworks/Taking-a-look-at-ten-different-PHP-frameworks-l8.html
(source:Upton, David. 2007. CodeIgniter for Rapid PHP Application Development. Packt Publishing, Birmingham.)

*CodeIgniter advantages include:

• Extremely easy to setup.
• Lower learning curve then the Zend Framework.
• More accessible documentation.
• Concise syntax – The Zend Framework syntax is wordier.
• 100% faster than the Zend framework.

Zend Framework
Set Up:The Zend Framework requires a bit of effort to setup the project. It requires the creation of a bootstrap file with all the initialisation stuff it. The framework is relatively large – about 12.4Mb and the set-up process took about 19 minutes.
Documentation: The Zend Framework has very detailed documentation with a lot of examples. It is less organised than the CodeIgniter docs in my view although this could be down to the afore-mentioned detail and the large number of components available in the framework.ZF also has a wiki with a few tutorials.
Flexibility: CZF is simply a collection classes and as such any file or folder can be placed anywhere as long as the location is added to the bootstrap file.
Performance: The Zend Framework is about half as fast as CodeIgniter.
Testing:The Zend Framework does not have a built-in unit testing class but the core classes use PHPUnit as their test framework and this can be extended to include any additional classes.Using SimpleTest with the ZF classes should also be possible.

*The Zend Framework advantages include:

• The “official PHP framework”.
• My workplace is already a Zend “partner”.
• Full-featured layout and template system.
• Massive number of classes and components.
• Extremely flexible.
• More advanced database library.
• More advanced validation library.
• Internationalization support.

Conclusion
CodeIgniter is over twice the speed of the Zend framework in all cases and CakePHP is a lot slower than the other two PHP frameworks.
for the benchmarks is in here : PHP framework comparison benchmarks

(Source: http://www.avnetlabs.com/php/php-frameworks-revisited-codeigniter-vs-zend-framework)

The framework provides a single entry point Controller. The Controller is responsible for allocating HTTP requests to the appropriate Action handler (Model) based on configuration mappings.

The Model contains the business logic for the application. The Controller then forwards the request to the appropriate View component, which is usually implemented using a combination of HTML with PHP tags in the form of templates. The resulting contents are returned to the client browser, or via another protocol such as SMTP.

(source: http://www.phpmvc.net/)

This is the list of PHP frameworks use for creating web application
# Akelos PHP Framework
# CakePHP
# Chisimba
# CodeIgniter
# FUSE
# Horde
# Jaws
# Kohana
# Kolibri
# LISA MVC
# Mambo
# MediaWiki
# Midgard
# MODx
# Nette Framework
# Orinoco Framework
# PHP For Applications
# Qcodo
# QPHP Framework
# Seagull PHP Framework
# SilverStripe
# Simplicity PHP framework
# SWiZ
# Symfony
# Tigermouse
# Zend Framework
# Zikula
# Zoop Framework

(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_application_frameworks)

While PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, the main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group and serves as the de facto standard for PHP as there is no formal specification.^[3] PHP is free software released under the PHP License, however it is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL), due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP.^[4]

PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. It generally runs on a web server, taking PHP code as its input and creating web pages as output. It can be deployed on most web servers and on almost every operating system and platform free of charge.^[5] PHP is installed on more than 20 million websites and 1 million web servers.^[6]

(source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP)